In 1600s, Newton proposed a theory of gravity and accurately described the motion of the planets and gravitational force of the earth. Although he knew that his theory works, he confessed in his book that he did not know how it works. How does the earth revolve around the sun and being resolved by the moon in a constant motion?
In 1907, Einstein proposed the idea of gravitational force in terms of warps and curves in space and time (3 dimensions) . Imagine the universe a flat and when matter (earth) is put into the space, it causes the space to curve and warp around the earth. And if the moon is put in the same space at the edge of the curve, it constantly falls toward the earth, but the earth is in a constant orbit of the sun. The moon keeps missing colliding with earth.
However, this does not explain the magnetic force. In the small scale, the electrons defy gravity theory!
And this compelling dilemma got Kaluza thinking. In 1919, he proposed an idea of fourth dimension world, by adding an extra dimension called electromagnetic force. This electromagnetic force explains the orbits of electron and current of the electric.
However, this is a like Microsoft software compiling programs over programs. Obviously, it is not really convenient for the scientists.
They, therefore, introduced another theory called the super string theory, a universal theory, which composed of 10 dimensions. You might wonder how the world has 10 dimensions when it is hard to imagine the world is 4 dimensions.
Well, take Google map as an example, when you zoom out to the maximum level, you see a flat earth with only two dimensions. However, when you zoom in on the street, you will find a telephone pole, buildings and cars even – this the third dimension. And if you actually live the map, you would know that there is a restaurant behind the door (extra dimension), and behind that door, there is a cup of lemonade juice (extra dimension) sitting on the table (extra dimension).
On indivisible particle which is smaller than electron, proton, neutron, quark, gibbs boson –, there is the 10 dimension. The “particle” takes form as vibrating energy like strings. The dimension shapes the vibration just like different horn shape produce different pitch. Different vibrations of the energy produce different elements that made up the whole universe. With the understanding of the dimensions and string vibration, scientists could possibly develop a universal law that explains everythi ng around us! And this, my friends, is a nerd’s dream!
barefootsnail 
You need to do more blogs like this. You have a way of explaining complex things in a simple, yet informing way. I love science, but I’ve always been more of a biology person, physics just really isn’t my things, so it’s helpful to have good explanations like this on a very interesting topic.
Thanks man, I appreciate every time you stop by. I will keep working at it.